ST段抬高型心肌梗死非梗死相关动脉处理策略:众说纷纭,不离其宗Management of non infarct related arteries in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: many views, one consensus
何奔,俞帅,陈海萍
摘要(Abstract):
ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者合并多支血管病变的比例高,非梗死相关动脉(IRA)的介入处理策略、干预时机及评估方式始终存在争议。本文梳理2013年~2025年该领域多项大型随机对照试验及荟萃分析成果,从非IRA完全再血管化是否获益、干预时机及病变评估方式展开综述。相较于仅干预IRA,完全血运重建可显著降低不良心血管事件与远期死亡率。住院同期或出院后45 d内分期相较于急诊同时处理非IRA的安全性与可行性更高。非IRA的评定以造影形态学为主,功能学评估血流储备分数的价值有限。
关键词(KeyWords): ST段抬高型心肌梗死;非梗死相关动脉;处理策略
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 何奔,俞帅,陈海萍
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1439.2026.10.003
参考文献(References):
- [1] Rao SV,O'Donoghue ML,Ruel M,et al.2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2025,85(22):2135-2237.
- [2] Byrne RA,Rossello X,Coughlan JJ,et al.2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes[J].Eur Heart J,2023,44(38):3720-3826.
- [3] Wald DS,Morris JK,Wald NJ,et al.Randomized trial of preventive angioplasty in myocardial infarction[J].N Engl J Med,2013,369(12):1115-1123.
- [4] Gershlick AH,Khan JN,Kelly DJ,et al.Randomized trial of complete versus lesion-only revascularization in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI and multivessel disease:the CvLPRIT trial[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2015,65(10):963-972.
- [5] Engstr??m T,Kelb??k H,Helqvist S,et al.Complete revascularisation versus treatment of the culprit lesion only in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease(DANAMI-3—PRIMULTI):an open-label,randomised controlled trial[J].Lancet,2015,386(9994):665-671.
- [6] Smits PC,Boxma-de Klerk BM.Fractional flow reserve-guided multivessel angioplasty in myocardial infarction[J].N Engl J Med,2017,377(4):397-398.
- [7] Mehta SR.Complete revascularization with multivessel PCI for myocardial infarction[J].N Engl J Med,2019,381(15):1411-1421.
- [8] Biscaglia S,Guiducci V,Escaned J,et al.Complete or Culprit-Only PCI in Older Patients with Myocardial Infarction[J].N Engl J Med,2023,389(10):889-898.
- [9] B??hm F,Mogensen B,Engstr??m T,et al.FFR-Guided Complete or Culprit-Only PCI in patients with myocardial infarction[J].N Engl J Med,2024,390(16):1481-1492.
- [10] Mehta SR,Tiong DTW,B??hm F,et al.Complete versus culprit lesion-only revascularisation for acute myocardial infarction(Complete Revascularisation Trialists' Collaboration):an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised trials[J].Lancet,2025,406(10521):2772-2781.
- [11] St??hli BE,Varbella F,Linke A,et al.Timing of Complete Revascularization with Multivessel PCI for Myocardial Infarction[J].N Engl J Med,2023,389(15):1368-1379.
- [12] Kim MC,Ahn JH,Hyun DY,et al.Immediate versus staged complete revascularisation during index admission in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease(OPTION-STEMI):a multicentre,non-inferiority,open-label,randomised trial[J].Lancet,2025,406(10507):1032-1043.
- [13] Diletti R,den Dekker WK,Bennett J,et al.Immediate versus staged complete revascularisation in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and multivessel coronary disease(BIOVASC):a prospective,open-label,non-inferiority,randomised trial[J].Lancet,2023,401(10383):1172-1182.
- [14] Puymirat E,Cayla G,Simon T,et al.Multivessel PCI guided by FFR or angiography for myocardial infarction[J].N Engl J Med,2021,385(4):297-308.
- [15] Gallone G,Angelini F,Fortuni F,et al.Angiography-vs.physiology-guided complete revascularization in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease:who is the better gatekeeper in this setting?A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes,2020,6(3):199-200.